Plant extract is a kind of product which is formed by obtaining and concentrating one or more active components in plants without changing their effective structure according to the needs of the final products extracted by physical and chemical extraction and separation. At present, domestic plant extracts are widely used in food, medicine, health care products and cosmetics.
There are many kinds of plant extracts, and more than 300 kinds have been extracted in industrialization. According to the main components in the extract can be divided into alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, polysaccharides and volatile oil.
| Classification | Introduction |
| Alkaloids | Alkaloids, namely plant alkaloids, are nitrogenous basic organic compounds with prominent biological activities. Its chemical properties are mostly alkaline, difficult to dissolve in water, can dissolve in acetone, benzene and other organic solvents; Most extracts are colorless and bitter. Common varieties are: Changchun flower extract, sophora flavescens extract, camptotheca tree extract. |
| Flavonoids | They are widely present in all parts of various plants. According to statistics, about 22 percent of plants have flavonoid compounds, which are rich in resources. Flavonoids have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, heat and detoxification, cancer prevention and other functions. Common varieties include soybean isoflavone extract, ginkgo flavone and so on. |
| Glycosides | A compound of Polysaccharides and phenols or flavonoids, colorless, odorless, bitter, acidic or neutral; Soluble in water and ethanol, common varieties such as amygdalin (bitter almond extract), radish mustard oil, etc |
| Organic Acids | Organic acids can replace antibiotics, be used as preservatives in feed, and regulate gut flora. Common varieties include chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, tartaric acid, etc. |
| Polysaccharides | Polysaccharide compound a polymeric carbohydrate composed of more than 10 monosaccharides, which has the effect of enhancing immunity. Common varieties have ganoderma polysaccharide, lentinan and so on. |
| Volatile Oil | It is composed of hundreds of organic compounds such as alcohols and aldehydes. It is locally volatile and can be distilled with water vapor. Most of the volatile oil extracts have a certain aroma and are often used as essential oils. Common varieties of peppermint oil, tea tree essential oil, rose essential oil and so on. |
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